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With more than 100 million people, [21] Javanese people are the largest ethnic group in both Indonesia and in Southeast Asia as a whole. Their native language is Javanese, the largest of the Austronesian languages in number of native speakers and also the largest regional language in Southeast Asia. [22] Javanese, largest ethnic group in Indonesia, concentrated on the island of Java and numbering about 85 million in the early 21st century.
Understanding the Context
The Javanese language belongs to the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) family. With close to one-hundred million speakers, Javanese is the largest language of the Austronesian family and one of the main regional languages of Indonesia. It should not be confused with Bahasa Indonesia, the national tongue of the country which is a form of Malay. Javanese culture is a rich tapestry of traditions, beliefs, and practices that have evolved over centuries.
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Originating from the island of Java in Indonesia, this culture is known for its unique blend of Hindu-Buddhist influences, Islamic traditions, and indigenous customs. The Javanese are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the central and eastern part of Java island, which covers most of the administrative areas of the provinces of Central Java, East Java, and Special Region of Yogyakarta. The Javanese homeland consists of the provinces of Central Java and East Java (minus the island of Madura) and the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Javanese have also settled for centuries along the northern coast of West Java, particularly in the area of Cirebon and Banten. The Javanese ethnic group occupies the majority of the island of Java.
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Other major ethno-linguistic groups in Java include Sundanese (West Java), Betawi (from the area around Jakarta) and Madurese. Javanese are primarily farmers, local traders, and skilled artisans. Intermediate trade and small industry are dominated by foreign Asians, and the large plantations and industries are owned by Europeans.